清理鑄件
去除型砂：對(dui)(dui)于(yu)采用(yong)(yong)砂型鑄造的(de)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)鑄件，首先要(yao)去除表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)的(de)型砂。可(ke)(ke)(ke)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)振動(dong)落砂機，通(tong)過振動(dong)使(shi)型砂脫落。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)一些復雜形狀(zhuang)或附著較(jiao)牢的(de)型砂部(bu)分(fen)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)還(huan)需要(yao)借助風鏟(chan)、砂輪等(deng)工具(ju)進(jin)行(xing)清(qing)理。切(qie)除澆冒(mao)口：澆冒(mao)口是(shi)在鑄造過程中用(yong)(yong)于(yu)澆注金屬液和(he)(he)(he)補縮的(de)部(bu)分(fen)，在鑄件凝固后需要(yao)切(qie)除。可(ke)(ke)(ke)以使(shi)用(yong)(yong)切(qie)割(ge)鋸、氣割(ge)等(deng)方法(fa)。如對(dui)(dui)于(yu)小型不銹鋼(gang)(gang)鑄件，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)高速切(qie)割(ge)鋸能(neng)保證切(qie)口較(jiao)平整；對(dui)(dui)于(yu)較(jiao)大的(de)鑄件，氧 - 乙炔氣割(ge)比較(jiao)常用(yong)(yong)，但氣割(ge)后可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)需要(yao)進(jin)一步打磨(mo)處理切(qie)口。清(qing)理毛(mao)刺(ci)和(he)(he)(he)飛(fei)邊(bian)(bian)：鑄件表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)的(de)毛(mao)刺(ci)和(he)(he)(he)飛(fei)邊(bian)(bian)會影響(xiang)其外觀和(he)(he)(he)尺寸(cun)精度。可(ke)(ke)(ke)以用(yong)(yong)砂輪機、銼刀等(deng)工具(ju)進(jin)行(xing)打磨(mo)清(qing)理。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)一些精細部(bu)位(wei)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)小型手持電(dian)動(dong)工具(ju)進(jin)行(xing)精細打磨(mo)，以獲得光滑的(de)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)。
熱處理
固(gu)溶(rong)處理(li)(li)：目的(de)(de)是使不(bu)銹鋼(gang)中的(de)(de)碳化物(wu)等合(he)金元素溶(rong)解在奧氏(shi)體中。通常將鑄(zhu)件(jian)加熱到 1050 - 1150℃（不(bu)同不(bu)銹鋼(gang)型號溫度(du)略有差(cha)異），保持一(yi)定時(shi)(shi)間后迅(xun)速冷卻，一(yi)般是水(shui)冷。例如，304 不(bu)銹鋼(gang)鑄(zhu)件(jian)在經過(guo)固(gu)溶(rong)處理(li)(li)后，能夠提高其耐腐蝕性(xing)和韌性(xing)。時(shi)(shi)效(xiao)處理(li)(li)：一(yi)些沉淀硬化型不(bu)銹鋼(gang)鑄(zhu)件(jian)需要進行時(shi)(shi)效(xiao)處理(li)(li)，以(yi)析出強(qiang)化相(xiang)，提高鑄(zhu)件(jian)的(de)(de)強(qiang)度(du)和硬度(du)。在較低溫度(du)（一(yi)般 400 - 600℃）下長時(shi)(shi)間保溫，使合(he)金中的(de)(de)第(di)二相(xiang)沉淀析出，如 17 - 4PH 不(bu)銹鋼(gang)鑄(zhu)件(jian)經過(guo)時(shi)(shi)效(xiao)處理(li)(li)后，其機械性(xing)能會(hui)得(de)到顯著改(gai)善。
表面處理
拋(pao)光(guang)處(chu)理(li)(li)：機(ji)(ji)械拋(pao)光(guang)：利(li)用(yong)拋(pao)光(guang)輪(lun)和(he)拋(pao)光(guang)膏對(dui)鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)進行打磨(mo)，使表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)達(da)到光(guang)亮的(de)(de)(de)(de)。拋(pao)光(guang)輪(lun)一般(ban)采用(yong)布輪(lun)、氈輪(lun)等(deng)(deng)軟(ruan)性(xing)材(cai)料，拋(pao)光(guang)膏根(gen)據鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)選擇不(bu)(bu)同粒度和(he)成分的(de)(de)(de)(de)產品。例如(ru)，對(dui)于要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)高(gao)鏡面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)光(guang)澤的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼裝飾鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，需要(yao)(yao)(yao)經(jing)過(guo)多道(dao)精細的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)械拋(pao)光(guang)工(gong)序。電解拋(pao)光(guang)：以(yi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為陽極，在(zai)(zai)(zai)特(te)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)電解液中(zhong)通(tong)過(guo)電解作用(yong)，使鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)微觀(guan)凸起部分溶解，從而(er)獲(huo)得(de)平整光(guang)亮的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。這種方法(fa)適合處(chu)理(li)(li)形狀復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，并且能夠有(you)效去除(chu)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)微小瑕(xia)疵。鈍(dun)化(hua)處(chu)理(li)(li)：將不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)浸(jin)泡(pao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)鈍(dun)化(hua)液（如(ru)硝酸、檸檬酸等(deng)(deng)溶液）中(zhong)，使鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)形成一層致(zhi)密的(de)(de)(de)(de)鈍(dun)化(hua)膜，增(zeng)強(qiang)其耐腐蝕(shi)性(xing)。例如(ru)，316 不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)經(jing)過(guo)鈍(dun)化(hua)處(chu)理(li)(li)后，在(zai)(zai)(zai)一些腐蝕(shi)性(xing)環境（如(ru)海洋環境）中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)抗(kang)腐蝕(shi)能力(li)提高(gao)。噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)處(chu)理(li)(li)：通(tong)過(guo)壓縮(suo)空氣將磨(mo)料（如(ru)石英(ying)砂(sha)(sha)、剛玉砂(sha)(sha)等(deng)(deng)）高(gao)速(su)噴(pen)射(she)到鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，去除(chu)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)化(hua)皮、污垢等(deng)(deng)，同時可(ke)以(yi)使鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)獲(huo)得(de)均勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)粗糙度，用(yong)于一些需要(yao)(yao)(yao)增(zeng)加(jia)涂(tu)層附著力(li)或(huo)者有(you)特(te)殊質感(gan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。
